ISTANBUL (AP) 鈥 Turkey has begun a new phase in sweeping restorations of the nearly 1,500-year-old Hagia Sophia in Istanbul, focusing on preserving the monument's historic domes from the threat of earthquakes.
Officials say the project will include reinforcing Hagia Sophia鈥檚 main dome and half domes, replacing the worn lead coverings and upgrading the steel framework while worship continues uninterrupted in the mosque.
A newly installed tower crane on the eastern fa莽ade is expected to facilitate the efforts by transporting materials, expediting the renovations.
鈥淲e have been carrying out intensive restoration efforts on Hagia Sophia and its surrounding structures for three years,鈥 said Dr. Mehmet Selim Okten, a construction engineer, lecturer at Mimar Sinan University and a member of the scientific council overseeing the renovations. 鈥淎t the end of these three years, we have focused on the seismic safety of Hagia Sophia, the minarets, the main dome and the main arches, especially due to the expected Istanbul earthquake.鈥
In 2023, a struck southern Turkey, destroying or damaging hundreds of thousands of buildings and leaving more than 53,000 people dead. While Istanbul was not impacted, the devastation in southern Turkey heightened fears of a similar quake with experts citing the city's proximity to fault lines.
Okten said a 鈥渘ew phase鈥 of work is about to begin, one that he describes as the most significant intervention in over 150 years and in the totality of the structure's long history.
鈥淎 tower crane will be installed on the eastern facade, and then we will cover the top of this unique structure with a protective frame system,鈥 he said. 鈥淭hat way, we can work more safely and examine the building鈥檚 layers academically, including damage it suffered from fires and earthquakes in the 10th and 14th centuries.鈥
Built by the Byzantine Emperor Justinian in 537, Hagia Sophia was turned into a mosque with the 1453 Ottoman conquest of Istanbul. Mustafa Kemal Ataturk, the founding leader of the Turkish republic, converted it into a museum in 1934.
Although an annex to Hagia Sophia, the sultan鈥檚 pavilion, has been open to prayers since the 1990s, religious and nationalist groups in Turkey had long yearned for the nearly 1,500-year-old edifice they regard as the legacy of Ottoman Sultan Mehmet the Conqueror to be reverted into a mosque.
Turkey鈥檚 highest administrative court overturned the 1934 decree in 2020, allowing it to
鈥淲e have completed our work on the four minarets and the main structure,鈥 Okten said. 鈥淏ut for this unique cultural heritage (of the domes), we plan to use modern, lightweight materials and keep the building open to the public."
Visitors to the site expressed approval of the plan.
鈥淗agia Sophia is amazing, it鈥檚 one of the world鈥檚 most important monuments,鈥 said Cambridge University lecturer Rupert Wegerif. 鈥淚t seems really important that they are going to strengthen it in case of earthquakes and preserve it.鈥
Okten said that while it wasn't clear when the renovations will be finished, the process would be open to the public to be 鈥渕onitored transparently.鈥
