Another in a series of unusually strong solar storms hitting Earth produced stunning skies full of pinks, purples, greens and blues farther south than normal, including into parts of Germany, the United Kingdom, New England and New York City.
鈥淚t was a pretty extensive display yet again,鈥 said Shawn Dahl, a space weather forecaster at the U.S. 好色tv Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Space Weather Prediction Center. He said the center has gotten reports of northern lights sightings as far south as New Mexico. 鈥淚t's been a wonderful year.鈥
There were no immediate reports of disruptions to power and communications.
NOAA issued a severe on Wednesday after after an was detected earlier in the week. Such a storm increases the chance of auroras 鈥 also known as northern lights 鈥 and can temporarily disrupt power and radio signals.
NOAA's shows continued higher-than-normal activity, but the chances for another overnight show are slim farther south of Canada and the northern Plains states.
What causes northern lights?
The sun sends more than heat and light to Earth 鈥 it sends energy and charged particles known as the solar wind. But sometimes that solar wind becomes a storm. The sun's outer atmosphere occasionally 鈥渂urps鈥 out huge bursts of energy called coronal mass ejections. They produce solar storms, also known as geomagnetic storms, according to NOAA.
The Earth's magnetic field shields us from much of it, but particles can travel down the magnetic field lines along the north and south poles and into Earth鈥檚 atmosphere.
When the particles interact with the gases in our atmosphere, they can produce light 鈥 blue and purple from nitrogen, green and red from oxygen.
Dahl said this storm generated a particularly vibrant display when it hit because the orientation of the storm鈥檚 magnetism lined up well with the Earth鈥檚. 鈥淲e stayed well connected,鈥 he said.
Why have there been so many solar storms lately?
Solar activity increases and decreases in a cycle that last about 11 years, astronomers say. The sun appears to be near the peak of that cycle, known as a solar maximum.
In May, the sun shot out its biggest flare in almost two decades. That came days after severe solar storms pummeled Earth and triggered auroras in unaccustomed places across the Northern Hemisphere.
There will likely be more to come. Dahl said we remain 鈥渋n the grip鈥 of the solar maximum and it isn't likely to start to fade until early 2026.
鈥淲e鈥檙e in for more of the experiences we had last night," he said.
How can you best see the northern lights?
NOAA advises those who hope to see the northern lights to get away from city lights.
The best viewing time is usually within an hour or two before or after midnight, and the agency says the best occasions are around the spring and fall equinoxes due to the way the solar wind interacts with Earth鈥檚 magnetic field.
___
The Associated Press Health and Science Department receives support from the Howard Hughes Medical Institute鈥檚 Science and Educational Media Group. The AP is solely responsible for all content.
