GENEVA (AP) 鈥 U.N.-backed human rights experts said Monday there is evidence that crimes against humanity have been committed against Libyans and migrants in chaos-stricken Libya, including women being forced into sexual slavery.
The investigators commissioned by the U.N.-backed Human Rights Council also faulted the European Union for sending support to Libyan forces that they say contributed to crimes against migrants and Libyans, and called on EU authorities to review their policies toward Libya.
The findings come in an extensive new report, based on interviews with hundreds of people, including migrants and witnesses, that wraps up a fact-finding mission created nearly three years ago to investigate rights violations and abuses in the North African country. The mission shared its findings with the International Criminal Court.
Oil-rich but largely lawless Libya has in recent years emerged as the dominant transit point for migrants seeking a better quality of life in Europe. A who were trafficked and smuggled across the Mediterranean.
Spokespersons for the government in the capital of Tripoli, which works in western Libya, and the forces of a powerful commander that controls eastern and southern Libya, were not immediately available for comment.
The investigators found 鈥渞easonable grounds to believe that crimes against humanity were committed against Libyans and migrants throughout Libya,鈥 said Mohamed Auajjar, the head of the fact-finding mission. Speaking in Arabic through a translator at a news conference in Geneva, he said his team unearthed "numerous cases of arbitrary detention, murder, torture, rape, enslavement, sexual enslavement and enforced disappearance.鈥
The Libyan coast guard, which has , has worked 鈥渋n close coordination" with trafficking networks in Libya, the report said. The 鈥渨ide-scale exploitation of vulnerable, irregular migrants鈥 churned up 鈥渟ignificant revenue鈥 that spurred continued rights violations, it said.
鈥淭he support given by the EU to the Libyan coast guard in terms of pull-backs, pushbacks, (and) interceptions led to violations of certain human rights," said investigator Chaloka Beyani. "You can鈥檛 push back people to areas that are unsafe, and the Libyan waters are unsafe for the embarkation of migrants.鈥
He said the European bloc and its member states weren't found to be responsible for war crimes, but "the support given has aided and abetted the commission of the crimes.鈥
European Commission spokesman Peter Stano told reporters Monday that the EU did not fund the Libyan coast guard 鈥渘or any other entity in Libya,鈥 adding that the EU assistance was meant to 鈥渋mprove their performance.鈥
鈥淲e are providing assistance to help them improve their performance when it comes to search and rescue, be it with vessels, be it with equipment, or previously training with a focus exactly on human rights,鈥 he said.
The investigators documented enslavement, rape 鈥 鈥渁t times at gunpoint鈥 鈥 and other sexual abuse against women and men, including by guards working both for state authorities and trafficking groups.
Investigators cited evidence of crimes against humanity in prisons in parts of eastern Libya controlled by forces of commander Khalifa Hifter, as well as in areas controlled by , an infamous warlord known as 鈥淕heniwa鈥 in the capital, Tripoli.
The U.N. migration agency, in its latest report published in mid-March, tallied nearly 700,000 migrants with 42 nationalities in Libya as of the end of last year. The investigators said the situation of human rights has been getting worse.
鈥淭he mission鈥檚 mandate is ending when the human rights situation in Libya is deteriorating, parallel State authorities are emerging, and the legislative, executive and security sector reforms needed to uphold the rule of law and unify the country are far from being realized,鈥 it said.
Libya was plunged into turmoil after a NATO-backed uprising in 2011 toppled longtime autocrat Moammar Gadhafi, who was later killed, and left the country divided between rival governments on the east and west. The United Nations has been struggling to try to .
The International Criminal Court has an ongoing investigation in Libya that was originally called for by the U.N. Security Council during the upheaval that led to Gadhafi鈥檚 ouster. In November, ICC Prosecutor Karim Khan said his office had joined a coalition of nations investigating human trafficking in the country.
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Magdy reported from Cairo. Lorne Cook in Brussels contributed to this report.
