CARACAS, Venezuela (AP) 鈥 The last time anyone heard from Edni L贸pez was Sunday. The 33-year-old political science professor and award-winning poet was preparing to board a flight to Argentina to visit a friend when she texted from the airport that something was wrong with her passport.
鈥淢igration took my passport because it鈥檚 showing up as expired,鈥 she wrote her boyfriend in the message shared with The Associated Press. 鈥淚 pray to God I don鈥檛 get screwed because of a system error.鈥
What happened next remains a mystery 鈥 one contributing to the climate of fear and repression that has engulfed Venezuela following its , the most serious wave of human rights abuses since Latin America鈥檚 military dictatorships in the 1970s.
When L贸pez's mother, Ninoska Barrios, and her friends learned she didn鈥檛 board the flight, they started frantically combing detention centers. Finally, on Tuesday 鈥 more than 48 hours later 鈥 they learned she was being held, incommunicado, by Venezuela鈥檚 feared military intelligence police on unknown criminal charges, unable to see an attorney or speak with her family.
鈥淧lease, give back my daughter,鈥 a sobbing Barrios pleaded Tuesday outside Venezuela鈥檚 top human rights office in a video that went viral on social media. 鈥淚t鈥檚 not right that a Venezuelan mother has to go through all this.鈥
L贸pez's arrest isn鈥檛 unique. Since the July 28 presidential election, security forces have rounded up more than 2,000 people for demonstrating against President Nicol谩s Maduro or casting doubt on his claim he won a third term despite by a more than 2-to-1 margin. Another 24 have been killed, according to local human rights group Provea.
The 鈥 urged on by Maduro himself 鈥 is unprecedented, and puts Venezuela on pace to easily exceed those jailed during three previous crackdowns against Maduro鈥檚 opponents.
Those arrested include journalists, political leaders, campaign staffers and an attorney defending protesters. Others have had their Venezuelan passports annulled trying to leave the country. One local activist even livestreamed her arrest by military intelligence officers as they broke into her home with a crowbar.
鈥淵ou鈥檙e entering my home arbitrarily, without any search warrant,鈥 Maria Oropeza, an opposition campaign leader in rural Portuguesa state, says in the livestream that abruptly ends after three minutes. 鈥淚鈥檓 not a delinquent. I鈥檓 just an average citizen who wants a different country.鈥
The repression, much of it seemingly random and arbitrary, is having a chilling effect, said Phil Gunson, a Caracas-based analyst for the International Crisis Group.
鈥淚t鈥檚 not just discouraging protests. People are scared to go on the streets, period,鈥 said Gunson, adding that parents of teenage boys are especially worried. 鈥淭here鈥檚 a sense that police have a quota to fill and anyone can be stopped and carted away as a suspected subversive.鈥
The threats start at the top.
鈥淭hey鈥檙e hiding rats but we鈥檙e going to grab them,鈥 ruling socialist party boss Diosdado Cabello said about several prominent opponents in an address to the Maduro-controlled legislature a day after the election.
Meanwhile, Maduro has called on Venezuelans via a government-run app originally created to report power outages and complaints about state-provided services. He also said the government was refurbishing two gang-dominated prisons to accommodate an expected surge of jailed guarimberos 鈥 his dismissive term for middle-class protesters who barricaded themselves in the streets for weeks in 2014 and 2017.
鈥淭here will be no mercy," Maduro said on state TV.
But complicating efforts to crush dissent is the changing face of the government's opponents.
While demonstrations have been far smaller and tamer than during past bouts of unrest, they鈥檙e now more spontaneous, often leaderless and made up of youth 鈥 some barely teenagers 鈥 from Caracas鈥 hillside slums who have traditionally been a rock solid base of support for the government.
鈥淚 don鈥檛 care how many people have to die," Cleiver Acuna, a 21-year-old tattoo artist, said at one recent grassroots march where protesters climbed up lampposts to tear down Maduro campaign posters.
鈥淲hat I want is my freedom. My homeland. I want to live in the Venezuela my grandparents once told me about.鈥
Maria Corina Machado, the who rallied Venezuelans behind after she was barred from running against Maduro, has also urged restraint, reflecting the fear many feel.
鈥淭here are times to go out, times to meet, and demonstrate all our strength and determination and embrace each other, just as there are times to prepare, to organize, to communicate and to consult with our allies around the world, which are many,鈥 she said in a recorded message posted online Tuesday.
鈥淎n operational pause is sometimes necessary.鈥
But the swiftness of the government鈥檚 clampdown does seem to be working. In just 10 days, security forces have rounded up nearly the same number of people as they did over five months in 2017, according to Provea.
鈥淥peration Knock-Knock is a prime tool of state terrorism,鈥 said Oscar Murillo, the head of Provea, referring to the surprise, middle-of-the-night detentions touted as a scare tactic by Cabello and others.
In the low-income Caracas neighborhood of Catia, once a ruling party stronghold, no one talks politics these days. One woman closed her business when protests began nearby and ran home. Videos of the demonstration flooded her phone over the next several hours, but she deleted them for fear the government was tracking social media posts to identify critics.
鈥淚 could get arrested just for having them,鈥 she said.
The sudden silence is a sharp break from the hopeful mood preceding the election as emboldened opposition supporters confronted security forces who attempted to block anti-Maduro rallies. They served food, lent vehicles to opposition leader and opened their businesses to them despite knowing they would suffer retaliation from the police or have their businesses shut down.
Even before the current unrest, Venezuela鈥檚 human rights record was under intense scrutiny. Maduro is the target of an investigation by the International Criminal Court for allegedly committed in the past.
Maduro's tactics have been likened to those in Central and South America in the 1970s when military dictatorships rounded up opponents and sometimes innocent bystanders. Many were killed, and in Argentina, some even drugged and dropped from airplanes into the ocean, with no trace of ever having been detained.
Maduro鈥檚 alleged abuses have little in common with those 鈥淒irty War鈥 campaigns by state security forces.
But the goal of instilling fear is the same, said Santiago Canton, an Argentine lawyer and secretary general of the Geneva-based International Commission of Jurists, a watchdog group.
Canton said L贸pez's case reminded him of the disappearance in Argentina in 1977 of a female bound for Venezuela and never seen again. At the time, oil-rich Venezuela was the wealthiest country in South America and a democratic refuge for exiles fleeing military regimes across the region.
鈥淲hat happened 50 years ago is unlikely to occur again,鈥 said Canton, who previously led the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights. 鈥淏ut social media is a multiplier factor that didn鈥檛 exist before so you can be more selective with the use of force and achieve the same results.鈥
Machado tried Thursday to pressure other nations to help end the oppression. 鈥淚 feel that there has been a lack of firmness from all governments, from all sectors, to demand an immediate end to the madness that is happening,鈥 she told reporters.
Meanwhile, L贸pez's friends and family are at a loss to explain why she was targeted.
Since 2020, she鈥檚 been carrying out relief work in poor communities, for which she was honored as one of Venezuela鈥檚 鈥100 Protagonist Women鈥 by the Netherlands鈥 Embassy in Caracas. The work is strictly humanitarian, and L贸pez doesn鈥檛 belong to any political movement.
Her is void of any anti-government content, consisting mainly of whimsical drawings of butterflies, poems she penned and pictures of beaches and sand dunes from her travels across Venezuela.
Cristina Ramirez, who moved to Argentina from Caracas eight years ago, joining over who鈥檝e fled the country, said she bought a ticket for L贸pez in May so her friend could enjoy a much-deserved vacation.
The two were looking forward to catching up after a long separation and a difficult year for L贸pez, whose family is struggling financially. She worries that her friend, who takes medicine for diabetes, is suffering in prison without knowing what led to the nightmare.
鈥淚t was going to be her first trip outside Venezuela,鈥 Ramirez said in a phone interview. 鈥淚鈥檓 still waiting for her.鈥
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Goodman reported from Miami.
